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This book examines gender and professions in the 21st century.
Historically the professions encompassed law, medicine and the
church, all of which excluded women from participation. Industry
and the 20th century introduced new professions such as engineering
and latterly information technology skill and, whilst the increase
in credentialism and accreditations open up further avenues for
professions to develop, many of the 'newer' professions exhibit
similar gendered characteristics, still based on a perceived
masculine identity of the professional workers and the association
of the professional with high level credentials based on university
qualifications. In contrast, professions such as teaching and
nursing, characterized as women's professions which reflected
women's socially acceptable role of caring, developed as regulated
occupations from the late 19th century. Since the 1970s and the
women's movements, anti-discrimination and equal opportunity
legislation and policies have aimed to break down the gendered
bastion of the professions and grant women entry. With growing
numbers of women employed in a range of professions and the
political importance of gender equality gaining prominence
globally, Gender and the Professions also considers how women and
men are faring in a diverse range of professional occupations.
Aimed at researchers, academics and policy makers in the fields of
Professions, Gender Studies, Organizational Studies and related
disciplines. Gender and the Professions provides new insights of
women's experiences in the professions in both developed and less
developed countries and in professions less often explored.
This book examines gender and professions in the 21st century.
Historically the professions encompassed law, medicine and the
church, all of which excluded women from participation. Industry
and the 20th century introduced new professions such as engineering
and latterly information technology skill and, whilst the increase
in credentialism and accreditations open up further avenues for
professions to develop, many of the 'newer' professions exhibit
similar gendered characteristics, still based on a perceived
masculine identity of the professional workers and the association
of the professional with high level credentials based on university
qualifications. In contrast, professions such as teaching and
nursing, characterized as women's professions which reflected
women's socially acceptable role of caring, developed as regulated
occupations from the late 19th century. Since the 1970s and the
women's movements, anti-discrimination and equal opportunity
legislation and policies have aimed to break down the gendered
bastion of the professions and grant women entry. With growing
numbers of women employed in a range of professions and the
political importance of gender equality gaining prominence
globally, Gender and the Professions also considers how women and
men are faring in a diverse range of professional occupations.
Aimed at researchers, academics and policy makers in the fields of
Professions, Gender Studies, Organizational Studies and related
disciplines. Gender and the Professions provides new insights of
women's experiences in the professions in both developed and less
developed countries and in professions less often explored.
The low status accorded to part-time workers in Japan has resulted
in huge inequalities in the workplace. This book examines the
problem in-depth using case-study investigations in Japanese
workplaces, and reveals the extent of the inequality. It shows how
many part-time workers, most of whom are women, are concentrated in
low paid, low skilled, poorly unionised service sector jobs.
Part-time workers in Japan work hours equivalent to, or greater
than, full-time workers, but receive lower financial and welfare
benefits than their full-time colleagues. Overall, the book
demonstrates that the way part-time work is constructed in Japan
reinforces and institutionalises the sexual division of labour.
This book investigates the role of women and labour activism in
Asia, demonstrating that women have been active in union and non
union based campaigns throughout the region. Although focusing
primarily on women, the contributions to this book address issues
that affect all workers. Chapters on China, India, Japan, Korea,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Bangladesh examine the
part that female labour activism has played inside, and outside,
formal union movements. Whilst documenting the peculiar factors
characterising individual national contexts, the book emphasises
the similarities in women's experiences of union and labour
activism and the barriers women labour activists have faced. It
considers the relationships between women union members and
activists and male officials and union members, links with other
social movements -- particularly the broader women's movement --
and the details of specific labour campaigns and struggles.In doing
so, it provides a full account of the role of women in union
activism in Asia, covering all the major economies of the region,
and successfully challenging the prevailing conception of Asian
women workers as passive and uninterested in industrial issues.
This book investigates the role of women and labour activism in
Asia, demonstrating that women have been active in union and non
union based campaigns throughout the region. Although focusing
primarily on women, the contributions to this book address issues
that affect all workers. Chapters on China, India, Japan, Korea,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Bangladesh examine the
part that female labour activism has played inside, and outside,
formal union movements. Whilst documenting the peculiar factors
characterising individual national contexts, the book emphasises
the similarities in women's experiences of union and labour
activism and the barriers women labour activists have faced. It
considers the relationships between women union members and
activists and male officials and union members, links with other
social movements - particularly the broader women's movement - and
the details of specific labour campaigns and struggles. In doing
so, it provides a full account of the role of women in union
activism in Asia, covering all the major economies of the region,
and successfully challenging the prevailing conception of Asian
women workers as passive and uninterested in industrial issues.
The low status accorded to part-time workers in Japan has resulted in huge inequalities in the workplace. This book examines the problem in-depth using case-study investigations in Japanese workplaces, and reveals the extent of the inequality. It shows how many part-time workers, most of whom are women, are concentrated in low paid, low skilled, poorly unionised service sector jobs. Part-time workers in Japan work hours equivalent to, or greater than, full-time workers, but receive lower financial and welfare benefits than their full-time colleagues. Overall, the book demonstrates that the way part-time work is constructed in Japan reinforces and institutionalises the sexual division of labour.
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